Waste and Recycling
Waste Management
What is waste, and what obligations do waste owners have?
Waste, as defined by the Waste Management Act 2002 (AWG 2002), refers to movable items that the waste owner wishes to dispose of or has disposed of, or whose treatment as waste is necessary in the public interest (cf. § 1 (3) AWG 2002). Waste owners have several obligations, such as proper collection and treatment of waste, reporting and record-keeping obligations, and the obligation to hand over waste to authorized waste collectors and handlers.
What are the goals of waste management?
The primary goal, following the principles of precaution and sustainability, is to avoid harmful effects on humans, animals, and nature, reduce emissions, and conserve resources. Based on the requirement to prevent and recycle waste, the waste hierarchy must be adhered to: Waste prevention - Preparation for reuse - Material recycling - Other types of recycling - Disposal.
What is meant by operational waste management?
Operational waste management, as part of strategic corporate management, deals with the generation, collection, prevention, recycling, and disposal of waste within a company. Through targeted influence, optimization of resource utilization, reduction of environmental impacts, compliance with legal requirements, and cost reduction are sought. For companies with environmental management systems, operational waste management is continuously optimized as part of the continuous improvement process. The AWG 2002 requires companies with a certain number of employees to, for example, create and update a waste management concept or appoint a waste officer (see § 10 and § 11 AWG 2002).
What documentation obligations apply to my operational waste?
Austrian companies and companies from other countries with their headquarters or a branch in Austria must maintain separate, ongoing records for each calendar year for their generated waste:
In addition, companies with more than 20 employees are required to create a waste management concept (WMC) and update it at least every 7 years. It includes information about the business location, a waste-relevant representation of the business (input materials and generated waste per business area), organizational measures to comply with waste management legal regulations, and an estimation of future developments.
Balance-sheet-relevant waste collectors and handlers have more detailed recording and reporting obligations (see, e.g., Waste Balance Regulation).
- Waste type: if possible, with assignment of a key number from the Waste Catalog Ordinance
- Waste quantity: stated in kilograms (kg)
- Waste origin: business of the waste producer and/or process where the waste is generated
- Waste destination: information about the recipient of the waste, including date and location of handover, or information about in-house waste treatment
In addition, companies with more than 20 employees are required to create a waste management concept (WMC) and update it at least every 7 years. It includes information about the business location, a waste-relevant representation of the business (input materials and generated waste per business area), organizational measures to comply with waste management legal regulations, and an estimation of future developments.
Balance-sheet-relevant waste collectors and handlers have more detailed recording and reporting obligations (see, e.g., Waste Balance Regulation).
Circular Economy
What does the circular economy mean, and what benefits does it offer?
The circular economy is a model for optimizing resource usage, aiming to keep materials and products in circulation for as long as possible. Through practices such as reuse, sharing models, or repair, the lifecycles of products are extended, and valuable secondary raw materials are made available through recycling. This ensures a sustainable availability of resources. A functioning circular economy produces less waste and maximizes the utilization of existing resources, thereby contributing to environmental and climate protection and countering the exploitation of our finite resources on the planet.
How can I implement circular economy in my company?
Circular economy-oriented measures can be established in any business and contribute to keeping raw materials or products in circulation for as long as possible. Circular business practices encompass various aspects, such as product design, the use of secondary raw materials, sustainable business models, reuse within the company, renting/sharing instead of purchasing new items, in-house recycling, or collaborations with disposal partners who demonstrably channel business waste for material recycling. All these measures lead to reduced resource consumption, less waste, and lower emissions.